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Where the data comes from

50 sources of public, open data, almost all from official bodies, with the licence and update date of each one.

Every figure in the report says who publishes it, under which licence and how recent it is. The official sources are Italian and European public bodies; buildings, parks, shops and services also come from Overture Maps, an open map built by companies and volunteers, and the report says so every time. Here you will find one page for each topic: what the data contains, how we use it and what its limits are.

We do not use data collected from property listings, and we do not use automated estimates of home values.

  • Cadastral maps and street numbers

    How we use the Revenue Agency's cadastral maps (CC BY 4.0) and the ANNCSU street number register to find the land parcel of an address in Italy.

  • Local prices

    What the Revenue Agency's OMI price ranges are, why they cover a whole area and not the value of one home, and how they appear in the report.

  • Landslides and flooding

    How we use ISPRA's national landslide and flood hazard maps and the IFFI landslide inventory, with their licences and limits.

  • Earthquakes

    How we use the seismic classification of Italian municipalities (Civil Protection) and INGV's MPS04 hazard map to describe earthquake risk.

  • What floods and earthquakes cost

    How we work out what floods and earthquakes cost a home on average each year: ESRM20 and JRC models, INGV and ISPRA hazard, Istat costs.

  • Sun and solar panels

    How we use PVGIS 5.3, from the European Commission's Joint Research Centre, to estimate how much energy solar panels would produce at a point.

  • Population

    How we use Istat census section data (2011, 2021 and 2023) to describe residents, age, households and empty homes around an address in Italy.

  • Nearby services

    How we count schools, healthcare, pharmacies, supermarkets, transport, sport, parks and restaurants near an address with Overture Maps Places data.

  • Public transport

    How we use transport operators' open GTFS timetables to find stops and lines near an address, and where the data is not yet available.

  • Landscape, wildfires and noise

    How we use landscape protection (SITAP), EFFIS burnt areas, the map of roads and railways, stations and airports, and their limits.

  • Municipal plans

    How we use the mosaics of municipal plans of Lombardy, Veneto, Bolzano and Turin: plan zone, planned facilities, historic centre, constraints and buffer zones.

  • How built up it is

    How we use CORINE Land Cover and the ISPRA land take map to say what is around the address, how much is already covered and what changed in the last year.

  • Industry near the home

    How we use the European industrial emissions register to say which large plants are within one and three kilometres of the home.

  • Greenery around the home

    How we use the Copernicus Sentinel-2 vegetation index to say how green the 500 metres around the home are and how that changes with the seasons.

  • Summer heat

    How we use land surface temperature from Copernicus Sentinel-3 to say how hot the area around a home gets on summer days.

  • The air you breathe

    How we use the EEA air quality maps at 1 km to say how much nitrogen dioxide and fine particles there are around a home, compared with the legal limits.

  • Energy rating of buildings

    How we use the Lombardy and Piedmont energy registers to say what rating the flats in a building and in the area have, never a single flat.

  • Contaminated sites

    Contaminated sites across Italy: how many in the municipality, how far from home, and whether the home is in a site of national interest.

  • Ground movement

    How we use EGMS satellite measurements from Copernicus to tell whether the ground around a building is sinking or rising, in millimetres a year.

  • Radon

    How we use the radon priority areas set by the Italian Regions and the ISPRA maps to show how much radon matters in the municipality of a property.

  • Parks and protected natural areas

    How we use the Natura 2000 sites of the European Environment Agency and the official list of Italian protected areas (EUAP) to tell if a home is in a park.

  • Distance from the sea and coastal erosion

    How we use ISPRA's 2020 coastline to tell you how far away the sea is and whether the nearest shoreline is retreating through erosion or advancing.

  • Income and climate of the municipality

    How we use the Ministry of Economy's IRPEF income data and the legal table of climate zones to describe a municipality's incomes and heating rules.

  • Fast internet

    How we use AGCOM's broadband map to say whether fibre reaches the home or the street cabinet at an address, at what speed, and if antenna internet is there.

  • Age of buildings in the area

    How we use the 2011 Istat census by section to show when the buildings near an address in Italy were built, what they are made of, their floors and condition.

  • Buildings on the parcel

    How we use Overture Maps open building data (OpenStreetMap, Microsoft, Google) to count buildings on a plot in Italy and measure their footprint and height.

Attributions and licences

The same lines appear on the last page of every report.

  • Includes cadastral data from the Revenue Agency (Agenzia delle Entrate), licence CC BY 4.0.
  • Includes ANNCSU address data from Istat and the Revenue Agency, licence CC BY 4.0.
  • Property Market Observatory databases under the CC BY 4.0 licence, mandatory credit "Agenzia delle Entrate - OMI". The Agency is not liable for how the data are used.
  • Source: Istat, licence CC BY 4.0 (previously IODL 2.0 for older data).
  • IFFI, licence as stated in the report: the report only reports counts and text, no geometry.
  • ISPRA flood hazard mosaic, licence as stated in the report: the report only reports scenarios and text, no geometry.
  • ISPRA PAI landslide mosaic, licence CC BY 4.0: the report only reports classes and text, no geometry.
  • Seismic classification from the Civil Protection Department, licence CC BY 4.0.
  • Stucchi M. et al. (2004), MPS04, INGV, doi 10.13127/sh/mps04/ag, licence CC BY 4.0.
  • © Overture Maps Foundation, licence CDLA Permissive 2.0, with data from Foursquare (Apache 2.0) and AllThePlaces (CC0).
  • Buildings © OpenStreetMap contributors, Microsoft, Google and Esri Community Maps contributors, collected by Overture Maps Foundation, licence ODbL 1.0: the report shows only counts and measurements, no shapes.
  • Public parks and gardens © OpenStreetMap contributors, collected by Overture Maps Foundation, licence ODbL 1.0: the report shows only names, areas and distances, no shapes.
  • Roads, cycle paths and railways © OpenStreetMap contributors, collected by Overture Maps Foundation, licence ODbL 1.0: the report shows only names, distances and lengths, no shapes.
  • Public transport timetables: GTFS, feed licence as stated in the report.
  • PVGIS © European Union, Joint Research Centre, free use with attribution.
  • ISPRA - Radon, licence CC BY 4.0.
  • Radon priority areas from the measures of Regions and autonomous Provinces (Legislative Decree 101/2020), list collected by ARPA Lombardia.
  • Tarquini S., Isola I., Favalli M., Battistini A., Dotta G. (2023). TINITALY, a digital elevation model of Italy with a 10 meters cell size (Version 1.1). Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), doi 10.13127/tinitaly/1.1, licence CC BY 4.0: the report only reports elevation and slope.
  • ISPRA coastline and coastal dynamics, licence CC BY 4.0: the report only reports distances and trends, no geometry.
  • Natura 2000 © European Environment Agency (EEA), licence CC BY 4.0: the report only reports names and distances, no boundary.
  • Official list of protected areas, Ministry of the Environment and Energy Security, licence CC BY 4.0.
  • Source: MEF - Department of Finance, licence CC BY 3.0 IT.
  • Climate zone and degree days: DPR 412/1993, Annex A, text updated from Normattiva.
  • BroadbandMap from Agcom - the Italian Communications Authority is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence (portal https://maps.agcom.it).
  • School register from the Ministry of Education and Merit, Italian Open Data License v2.0.
  • Ministero della Salute, Italian Open Data License v2.0.
  • Contains data from the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service, European Ground Motion Service (EGMS) 2020-2024, produced with funding from the European Union. The report only shows counts, speeds and median series: no measurement points.
  • Landscape protection constraints from SITAP, Ministry of Culture, licence CC BY 4.0: the report only shows the article, the type of constraint, name and distance, no geometry. The data is for information and not a certification.
  • © European Union, Copernicus Land Monitoring Service 2018, European Environment Agency (EEA): CORINE Land Cover 2018, produced with funding from the European Union. The report only shows classes and shares, no polygons.
  • © European Union, Copernicus Emergency Management Service, European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS), Joint Research Centre. Burnt area perimeters, licence CC BY 4.0: the report only shows dates, areas and distances, no geometry.
  • © European Union, Copernicus Emergency Management Service, Joint Research Centre: river flood hazard maps for Europe, mappe europee di pericolosità da alluvione fluviale, licence CC BY 4.0: the report only shows water depths at the address and the average damage they cause.
  • Huizinga J., de Moel H., Szewczyk W. (2017), Global flood depth-damage functions, EUR 28552 EN, Joint Research Centre, doi 10.2760/16510, © European Union, licence CC BY 4.0.
  • Crowley H., Dabbeek J., Despotaki V., Rodrigues D., Martins L., Silva V., Romão X., Pereira N., Weatherill G., Danciu L. (2021), European Seismic Risk Model (ESRM20), EFEHR Technical Report 002, doi 10.7414/EUC-EFEHR-TR002-ESRM20, licence CC BY 4.0: the report uses its building types, damage curves and the ground type of the municipality, and only shows the average damage calculated from them.
  • Lombardy Region, Mosaico dei PGT comunali (map of planned land use), public data under licence CC BY 4.0: the report shows land uses, zone classes, the share of the plot and links to the municipal documents, no geometry.
  • Regione del Veneto - L.R. n. 28/76 - Formazione della Carta Tecnica Regionale. Zoning of municipal plans from the regional planning WebGIS, licence IODL 2.0: the report shows the zones and the share of the plot, no geometry.
  • Autonomous Province of Bolzano, municipal land use plans, open data CC0 1.0: the report shows zones, constraints and the link to the municipal rules, no geometry.
  • Metropolitan City of Turin, Mosaico dei PRGC (combined municipal plans), licence CC BY 4.0: the report shows zones, land uses and the share of the plot, no geometry.
  • Airport names from the list of certified airports of the Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport (ENAC data), licence CC BY 4.0.
  • Air base names from the OurAirports list, public domain.
  • Electricity prices published by ARERA, cited with the period they refer to: the report only shows the values used in the calculations.
  • Anagrafe regionale dei siti contaminati, as stated in the report: the report shows counts by municipality and, depending on what the Region publishes, the name, type and street of each site or its distance, cause and substances.
  • ISPRA, MOSAICO - national database of sites under remediation, with the boundaries of the Sites of National Interest, licence CC BY 4.0: the report shows counts by municipality, status and distances, no geometry.
  • Industrial Reporting under the Industrial Emissions Directive and E-PRTR, © European Environment Agency (EEA), licence CC BY 4.0: the report only shows name, declared activity and distance, and only the large plants required to report.
  • Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data [2025-2026], processed through Sentinel Hub on the Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem: the report only shows monthly averages and words, no imagery.
  • Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data [2016-2026], processed through Sentinel Hub on the Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem: the report shows the average of summer days, the comparison with the area and a figure.
  • Munafo' M. (ed.), 2025, Consumo di suolo, dinamiche territoriali e servizi ecosistemici. Edizione 2025, SNPA environmental report 46/2025, licence CC BY 4.0: the report only shows shares, hectares and distances, no geometry.
  • European air quality interpolated maps, © European Environment Agency (EEA), licence CC BY 4.0: the report shows the values of the 1 km cell of the address and the figures for the municipality, no map.
  • CENED+2 energy performance register of the Lombardy Region, public domain (CC0 1.0): the report only shows counts and ratings by building and by area, never a single flat.
  • Energy performance certificates from the SIPEE information system of the Piedmont Region, licence CC BY 4.0: the report only shows counts and ratings by building and by area, never a single flat.
  • Municipal seismic microzonation studies collected by the Civil Protection Department and published by CNR-IGAG on webms.it, licence CC BY 4.0: the report only shows the study level, amplification factor and type of instability, no geometry.
  • Map: © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL), OpenMapTiles, OpenFreeMap

Licence texts

Liveability index free for any address

Check an address

Enter the address: the report summarises risks, local prices, population, services and transport, with the source for every figure.

For example: Via Dante 7, Milan.