Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)
NO2
An irritant gas that comes mainly from engines, diesel in particular: it is the sign of traffic in the air of an area.
Nitrogen dioxide is a gas formed in high-temperature combustion, above all in diesel engines. It irritates the airways and makes asthma and bronchitis worse. It is measured in micrograms per cubic metre (µg/m³).
Unlike fine particles, which spread over a whole plain, nitrogen dioxide changes a lot from one street to the next: it is high along busy roads and drops quickly further away. That is why the report uses it to say whether the address is among the more polluted or the cleaner parts of its municipality.
Today's legal limit in Italy is a yearly average of 40 µg/m³ (Legislative Decree 155/2010); from 2030 EU Directive 2024/2881 brings it to 20. The World Health Organization recommends staying below 10.
Official source: www.eea.europa.eu
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